Third World
In the 1960s, during the Cold War, the world was divided into two power blocs, namely the capitalist West (United
States and Europe) and the communist East (Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and China). These were respectively called the first
and the second worlds, while the rest was referred to as the third world. Later this term was used (among others) as a synonym
for developing countries.
(in "Describing Poverty")
(in "evelopment Theories")
Transdisciplinarity
Transdisciplinarity refers to the ability to do research work that crosses scientific disciplinary boundaries and
includes the production of data through collaboration with the public and the making available of research results that are
relevant to the public.
(in "Sustainable Development")
Transnational
Transnationalism is a social movement that refers to the growing interconnectivity of people all around the world
due to processes of globalisation (especially due to the developments in telecommunication and transport) and the loosening
of boundaries between countries. It encourages change in and re-examination of concepts like citizenship or nationalism and
migration.
(in "Violence and (In)Security in Urban Space")
Transnational migration approach
An approach that proposes that migrants should be understood as forming a part of two or more dynamically intertwined
worlds and transnational migration as the processes by which migrants forge and sustain multi-stranded social relations that
link their societies of origin and settlement together. Thus, sending and receiving societies became understood as constituting
one single field of analysis.
(in "Migration")
Transnational social space
By participating in social interactions across borders, immigrants operate in a transnational social space as they
engage in activities that link them with at least two localities – the place of origin and the new place of work and living
(Portes et al. 1999). According to Faist (1998) transnational social spaces are formed by people (e.g., a group of co-nationals) whose actions cross and overlap boundaries
between nation-states. The crossing takes the form of exchanges of capital (e.g., economic, social, and/or cultural) between
the immigrants and their co-nationals. The overlapping refers to the reconfiguration of social units (e.g., a family) to include
individuals who are localized across nation-state borders.
(in "Migration")
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